📖 Knowledge Base

Learn AV, LED, LCD, OLED and digital signage terminology — explained simply.

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Bill of Lading

Legal document between shipper and carrier. Details type, quantity, destination of goods.

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CE Marking

Conformité Européenne — mandatory certification for products sold in European Economic Area.

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CIF

Cost, Insurance, Freight — seller pays shipping + insurance to destination port.

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CIF

Cost, Insurance, Freight — seller pays shipping and insurance to destination port. Buyer handles customs.

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DDP

Delivered Duty Paid — seller pays ALL costs including customs. Most convenient for buyer.

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DDP

Delivered Duty Paid — seller pays ALL costs including import customs and duties. Most convenient for buyer.

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EXW

Ex Works — buyer picks up from factory. All costs on buyer. Cheapest incoterm.

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EXW

Ex Works — buyer picks up from factory. All transport costs, insurance and risk on buyer. Cheapest incoterm.

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FCL

Full Container Load — entire shipping container for one buyer. 20ft or 40ft. Cheaper per unit than LCL.

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FOB

Free on Board — seller delivers to port. Buyer handles shipping from there.

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FOB

Free on Board — seller delivers to port of origin. Buyer handles shipping, insurance from there.

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HS Code

Harmonized System code — standardized 6-10 digit number for customs classification of products.

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LCL

Less than Container Load — shared container space. Good for small orders, more expensive per unit.

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RoHS

Restriction of Hazardous Substances — EU directive limiting lead, mercury, cadmium etc. in electronics.

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